Updated: 19 February, 2025
Kendo, the ancient Japanese martial art of swordsmanship, focuses on both mental discipline and physical skill. A key part of this practice is Kendo Bōgu (防具), the protective armor that allows practitioners to safely engage in full-contact sparring. However, Bōgu isn’t just about protection – it’s also an opportunity for Kendoka to express their personality and enhance their training experience.
Components of Kendo Armour (Bōgu)
A standard Kendo Bōgu Set includes four main pieces:
Men (面)
The Men is by far the most recognizable piece of Kendo armor and plays a critical role in protecting the head, face, neck, and shoulders. It features a metal grille called the mengane, which ensures visibility and airflow, while safeguarding the face. The flaps covering the shoulders are called the mendare – these provide protection from strikes that may have missed the correct target on the top on the Men, while the tsukidare shields the neck from advanced thrust attacks. Additionally, the Men is designed with a padded top, which safely absorbs impact from strikes to the head. Together, these components offer comprehensive protection, allowing the Kendoka to train safely and move with confidence.
Kote (小手)
Kendo Kote are the padded gloves worn as part of Kendo armor to protect the hands and forearms during sparring. They consist of two parts: the kote (gloves) and the kote-uchi (forearm protection). Made with layers of fabric, typically cotton or synthetic materials, and padded with thick filling, Kote offer both protection and flexibility. The palms are designed for grip and control of the shinai (bamboo sword), while the protective padding ensures safety during strikes. Kote also have a design that allows for freedom of movement, essential for performing techniques like thrusts and blocking.
Dō (胴)
This protective gear is worn during Kendo practice and sparring to protect the body, specifically the torso. Traditionally made from lacquered bamboo, modern Dō might use plastic or fiber-reinforced materials for extra durability. The design pays homage to traditional Samurai armour, and helps deflect blows from critical areas of the body. You can also personalize the Dō with different colors and patterns to reflect your style or dojo affiliation.
Tare (垂れ)
This waist protector is a sturdy thick cloth belt with three flaps that hang down to protect the waist, groin, and upper legs from stray strikes from a shinai. Additionally, a name tag, known as a Zekken or Nafuda, can be attached to the middle flap (odare) for identification purposes.
Historical Background
During Japan’s Edo period (1603–1868), training with real swords was deemed too dangerous, so wooden swords like bokken and shinai were introduced, along with protective armor inspired by Samurai gear. This adaptation led to the development of modern Bōgu, allowing for safe and effective training while still preserving the spirit of Samurai combat.
Bōgu Customization
One of the great things about Bōgu is the ability to personalize your gear, making it both functional and a reflection of your own style.
Material Selection
Bōgu components come in different materials, each offering varying levels of protection, durability, and visual appeal. Traditional lacquered bamboo Dō offer a classic, authentic look, while modern versions made from molded plastic or carbon fiber are lightweight and durable. Men and Kote padding materials vary too, with some featuring high-density foam for extra impact absorption and others using breathable fabrics for comfort during long training sessions.
Design and Colour
Customization goes beyond materials to include visual elements. You can choose the colour, embroidery patterns, and even add embellishments that reflect your personal style, dojo affiliation, or family lineage. Some practitioners add embroidered monograms or kamon (family crests) to the Dō, Tare or Mendare to make the gear even more unique. Whether you go for the traditional indigo dye or a bolder color, the design is yours to personalize – However, it is advised to check with your Sensei first, before proceeding with your choice of design or colour customization.
Fit and Comfort
Having a properly fitted Bōgu is essential for safety and performance. Custom measurements ensure that the Men fits securely without moving, the Kote allows freedom of wrist movement, and the Dō contours to the body for optimal protection. Poorly fitted gear can limit movement, cause discomfort, and even increase the risk of injury. Working with a professional fitter or craftsman can ensure your gear strikes the perfect balance between comfort and security.
Proper Usage and Maintenance
To get the most out of your Kendo Armour, it’s important to wear it correctly and maintain it well.
Donning Bōgu
Before training, check that each piece of Bōgu is properly worn and securely fastened. The Men should sit snugly on your head without shifting around, while the Kote should allow you to grip the shinai securely without restricting wrist movement. The Dō and Tare should be aligned for full coverage without hindering mobility. Over time, you may need to make regular adjustments as your gear settles in.
Post-Practice Care
After each session, it’s important to clean your gear to avoid odor and deterioration. Wipe down the equipment to remove sweat and moisture. Since the Men absorbs sweat quickly, airing it out in a well-ventilated spot is a good idea. Be sure to thoroughly dry the Kote to prevent bacteria growth, and wipe down the Dō and Tare with a dry cloth. Regularly check for frayed stitching, loose padding, or cracks to ensure the longevity and functionality of your Bōgu.
Storage
Proper storage helps protect your Kendo Armour and prevent damage. Store your bōgu in a well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, as excessive heat can weaken materials over time. A Bōgu bag keeps things organized and shields your gear from dust and accidental damage. Occasionally deep cleaning and conditioning leather or fabric elements can also help extend the life of your armor.
Conclusion
At its core, Bōgu is more than just protective gear – it’s an integral part of your kendo journey. Understanding its components, taking care of it, and customizing it to suit your needs will set you up for success both in and out of the dojo. Consistent maintenance ensures your Kendo Armour stays in top shape, supporting your training over time. Choosing the right fit and materials makes all the difference – comfort, safety, and performance all rely on getting it right. So, take the time to invest in your Bōgu: understand it, maintain it, and make it your own. When your gear fits perfectly, functions smoothly, and reflects your personality, you’re ready to step into any dojo with confidence and focus.